Are your emails and attachments safe from prying eyes?
Unless you are using a secure email service that respects your privacy, the answer is probably no. Most large email providers, such as Gmail and Yahoo, do not respect the privacy of your inbox. For example,
- Gmail was caught giving third parties full access to user emails and also tracking all of your purchases.
- Advertisers have been allowed to scan Yahoo and AOL accounts to “identify and segment potential customers by picking up on contextual buying signals, and past purchases.”
- Yahoo has been caught scanning emails in real-time for US surveillance agencies.
While Gmail does allow users to opt out of some invasive features, the basic business model of these services revolves around data collection.
Big-name email services put lots of money into security, but they are also large targets and not invulnerable. In March, the big news was the ease with which hackers were able to compromise thousands of Microsoft Exchange email servers. You might well be safer using a smaller, less well-known email service.
Another concern is where your email service is located and how this may affect your data and privacy. Some jurisdictions have laws to protect data privacy (Switzerland), while others have laws in place to erode it (the US and Australia). We’ll cover this in more detail below.
On a positive note, there is a relatively simple solution for keeping your inbox more secure: switch to a secure email provider that respects your privacy.
What is the best secure email service in 2022?
With so many different types of users, there is no single “best secure email” service that will be the top choice for everyone.
While some may prioritize maximum security and strong encryption, others may want convenience and simplicity with user-friendly apps for all devices.
Here are just a few factors to consider when switching to a secure email provider:
- Jurisdiction – Where is the service located and how does this affect user privacy? Where is your data physically stored?
- PGP support – Some secure email providers support PGP, while others do not use PGP due to its vulnerabilities and weaknesses.
- Import feature – Can you import your existing emails and contacts?
- Email apps – Due to encryption, many secure email services cannot be used with third-party email clients, but some also offer dedicated apps.
- Encryption – Are the emails end-to-end encrypted in transit? Are emails and attachments encrypted at rest?
- Features – Some features you may want to consider are contacts, calendars, file storage, inbox search, collaboration tools, and support for DAV services.
- Security – What are the provider’s security standards and policies?
- Privacy – How does the email service protect your privacy? What data is being collected, for how long, and why?
- Threat model – How much privacy and security do you need and which service best fits those needs?
The goal of this guide is to help you find the best secure email solution for your unique needs.
This list is not in rank order. (Choose the best secure email service for you based on your own unique needs!)
Here are the most secure email providers that protect your privacy.
1. Mailfence – Fully-featured secure email in Belgium
Based in | Belgium |
Storage | 5-50 GB |
Price | €2.50/mo. |
Free Tier | Up to 500 MB |
Website | Mailfence.com |
Mailfence is a fully-featured secure email provider offering calendar and contacts functionality, file storage, and PGP encryption support. It is based in Belgium, which is a good privacy jurisdiction with strict data protection laws.
For those wanting full PGP control and interoperability, without plugins or add-ons, Mailfence is a solid choice. Whether you are a personal user or you need a secure email solution for your business or team, Mailfence likely has all the features and options you’d want.
While many secure email services sacrifice features and functionality for security, you can have it all with Mailfence. This makes Mailfence a great alternative to full email and productivity suites, such as G Suite or Office 365.
In testing everything out for the Mailfence review, I found it to work very well with an intuitive design, slick layout, and tons of features. Mailfence also offers email and phone support, in addition to cryptocurrency payment options.
+ Pros
- Offers end-to-end encryption and digital signatures
- Mobile and web apps
- Data is stored on Belgian servers
- Offers OpenPGP encryption
- Messages, Documents, Calendar, Contacts, and Groups
- SMTP, POP, and IMAP support
- Can synchronize with other email clients
- Supports password-protected messages with expiration time
- Removes IP addresses from mail headers
- OpenPGP user keystore
- Great user interface (recently updated)
- Cryptocurrency payment options
– Cons
- Logging of IP address and some other data
- Code is not open source
Website: https://Mailfence.com
See our Mailfence review for more info.
2. Tutanota – Private and secure email in Germany
Based in | Germany |
Storage | 1 – 1,000 GB |
Price | €1.00/mo. |
Free Tier | Up to 1 GB |
Website | Tutanota.com |
Tutanota is a Germany-based secure email service run by a small team of privacy enthusiasts, with no outside investors or owners. Although it is not as widely known as ProtonMail, Tutanota is a serious player among secure email providers. Its hybrid encryption system overcomes some of the drawbacks of PGP, and your privacy rights are protected by the GDPR and other pro-privacy EU regulations.
Note: Tutanota claims that their encryption can be updated/strengthened if necessary against quantum-computer attacks.
All messages in your inbox, contacts, and calendar are encrypted at rest on servers in Germany. For sending encrypted emails with Tutanota, you have two options:
- Emailing another Tutanota user, which encrypts everything automatically (asymmetric encryption)
- Emailing an external (non-Tutanota) user with a link to the message and sharing a password key for encrypting/decrypting messages (symmetric encryption).
While Tutanota uses high encryption standards and is arguably one of the most secure email providers anywhere, it also comes with some tradeoffs. This includes no support for PGP, IMAP, POP, or SMTP. Additionally, you cannot import existing emails into your encrypted Tutanota inbox.
To explain why Tutanota does not rely on PGP standards, Tutanota cofounder Matthias Pfau wrote this piece for Restore Privacy readers, Let PGP Die: Why We Need a New Standard for Email Encryption.
If you are looking for a transparent, high-security email provider run by a team of privacy enthusiasts, Tutanota is a solid choice.
+ Pros
- Encrypted messages (including Subject lines) Address Book, Inbox Rules and Filters, Search Index, encrypted at rest and stored on German servers
- Can search body of encrypted messages
- Can send encrypted messages to non-users
- Strips IP address from emails
- Desktop, mobile, and web apps
- Open source code (including mobile apps)
- Great apps for mobile devices
- Free accounts with 1 GB of storage
- Encrypted calendar with iCard support
- Encrypted contacts
- Inbox rules with Spam filter
- Multiple email addresses (aliases)
- Support for custom domains and other price+ features
- Discounts and additional support for non-profits
- Publishes regular Transparency Reports
– Cons
- Does not work with PGP
- Currently no way to import existing emails
- Based in a 14 eyes country (Germany)
- Only accepts credit card or PayPal; no cryptocurrency payments
Website: https://Tutanota.com
See our Tutanota review for more info.
3. ProtonMail – Secure email in Switzerland
Based in | Switzerland |
Storage | 5-20 GB |
Price | $4.00/mo. |
Free Tier | Up to 500 MB |
Website | ProtonMail.com |
UPDATE: ProtonMail was forced by a Swiss court to log user IP addresses for a specific criminal complaint. Get more info in our article on the ProtonMail logging case here.
ProtonMail is a Switzerland-based email service that enjoys a great reputation in the privacy community. It was started by a team of academics working at MIT and CERN in 2014. Shortly thereafter, it was promoted in American media as “the only email system the NSA can’t access” – which was around the time Lavabit was shut down for not cooperating with the US government.
Looking at the service itself, ProtonMail does a lot of things right. It utilizes PGP encryption standards for email and stores all messages and attachments encrypted at rest on Swiss servers. ProtonMail has a unique feature for “self-destructing messages” and they have also added address verification and full PGP support.
Regarding encryption, however, it’s important to note that ProtonMail does not encrypt subject lines of emails or certain metadata, inherent limitations of the PGP standard. Most of the email services we discuss here use PGP, but I wouldn’t count on any of them to keep me safe from the NSA or their counterparts in other major countries.
Additionally, the ProtonMail search function can only search subject lines within your inbox, but not the actual content of your emails. This is another functional limitation that comes from integrating more encryption and security into the service.
ProtonMail does offer some great apps for mobile devices (Android and iOS). You can also use ProtonMail with third-party apps through the ProtonMail Bridge feature (restricted to paid users).
Overall ProtonMail is a well-regarded email provider and should be a great secure email option for most users. Switzerland remains a strong privacy jurisdiction that is not a member of any surveillance alliances.
In addition to email, the same team also offers a VPN service, which we have tested for the ProtonVPN review.
+ Pros
- End-to-end (E2E) and zero-access encryption for Email, Calendar, and Contact information
- Operates under Swiss jurisdiction
- All data stored on servers in Switzerland
- Apps for Android and iOS mobile devices
- Web client, encryption algorithms, Android and iOS code are all open source
- Support for custom domains
- Strips IP address from emails
- Can be used with third-party email clients through the ProtonMail Bridge feature
- Can import contacts and emails
– Cons
- ProtonMail does not encrypt email subject lines
- Sometimes requires personal information for verification of new accounts
- Above-average pricing
- Incredibly long beta test cycles
- May be forced to log user IP addresses by court order
Website: https://ProtonMail.com/
See our ProtonMail review for more info.
4. Mailbox.org – Private email in Germany
Based in | Germany |
Storage | 2 – 100 GB |
Price | €1.00/mo. |
Free Tier | None |
Website | Mailbox.org |
Another Germany-based secure email provider worth considering is Mailbox.org. Not only does it protect your email with top-end security protocols, Mailbox.org is a full-featured email and productivity suite, similar to Office 365. It offers a huge lineup of features: Mail, Calendar, Address Book, Drive (cloud storage), Tasks, Portal, Text, Spreadsheet, Presentation, and Webchat. Despite all the features, the layout and design of Mailbox.org still manages to be user-friendly.
When choosing a secure email provider, you often have to choose between features and security. With Mailbox.org, you can arguably get the best of both worlds. From the security and encryption side, Mailbox.org offers full PGP support and options to easily encrypt all your data at rest on their secure servers in Germany. You can also use Mailbox.org with mobile apps and third-party email clients.
Lastly, Mailbox.org is very affordable, with basic plans starting at only €1 per month and going up for more storage and features. You can pick up a free 30-day trial if you want to test-drive this privacy-focused email provider.
+ Pros
- PGP support (server-side or E2E through Mailvelope app)
- Company and servers located in Germany with strong privacy protections
- HSTS and PFS for messages in transit
- Protected against man-in-the-middle attacks
- Message and spam filters
- Virus protection
- Full text search
- POP, IMAP, SMTP, ActiveSync support
- vCard, CardDAV, CalDav support
- Messages are encrypted at rest
- Supports custom domains
- Mobile apps for some of the Office features
- Open source
– Cons
- No mobile email clients (but can be used with third-party email clients)
- Some tracking during registration
- PGP encryption leaves message subject and metadata exposed
Website: https://Mailbox.org/
Check out our Mailbox.org review for more details.
5. Posteo – Privacy-focused email in Germany
Based in | Germany |
Storage | 2 – 20 GB |
Price | €1.00/mo. |
Free Tier | None |
Website | Posteo.de |
Posteo is yet another German email provider that offers a high level of privacy and security for its users. In some respects, it has much in common with Mailbox.org. Both are fully-featured email providers that utilize PGP encryption standards, with similar prices. But in a few key areas, Posteo is a bit different:
- Custom domains are not supported.
- There is no spam folder (all emails are either delivered to your inbox or rejected).
- There’s no trial or free tier (but still quite affordable).
In terms of privacy, Posteo really makes an effort to protect the privacy of its users. IP addresses are automatically stripped from emails, no logs are kept, and they offer strong encryption standards. In short, this email takes security and privacy very seriously.
Posteo also supports completely anonymous registration and anonymous payments – even allowing you to send cash in the mail for no digital trail. (We see this trend with VPN services as well.) And if you pay with a credit card, PayPal, or some other digital method, they manually separate account details from payment info.
+ Pros
- Mail, Calendar, Contacts, and Notes are encrypted at rest with OpenPGP on secure servers in Germany
- Configurable spam filter
- Migration service for moving from another email service to Posteo
- Subject, headers, body, metadata, and attachments are encrypted
- Includes Messages, Calendar, Contacts (Address Book), and Notes
- Completely Open Source
- Strong commitment to privacy, sustainable energy, and other social initiatives
- Self-financed; good track record (operating since 2009)
- No logs, IP address stripping, secure email storage with daily backups
- Allows anonymous (cash) payments
- Supports SMTP, POP, and IMAP protocols
– Cons
- Custom domains not supported; no “.com” options available
- No spam folder (spam emails are either rejected or delivered to regular inbox)
- Germany is a 14 Eyes country
- No trial or free version
- Cryptocurrency payments not supported
Website: https://Posteo.de/
See the Posteo review for more info.
6. Runbox – Private and sustainable email in Norway
Based in | Norway |
Storage | 2 – 50 GB |
Price | $1.31/mo. |
Free Tier | 30 day trial |
Website | Runbox.com |
Runbox is a long-running private email service in Norway that has been operating for over 20 years. Norway is also a good jurisdiction with a strong legal framework for privacy. All Runbox servers are located in secure Norwegian data centers, running on clean, renewable, hydropower energy.
One unique feature of Runbox is that it gives you 100 aliases to use with your account. Secure file storage is also included, with different pricing tiers. Runbox fully supports SMTP, POP, and IMAP protocols and can be used with third-party email clients. This year they released Runbox 7, which is a webmail client, but they do not offer custom mobile or desktop clients.
Unlike some other secure email providers, Runbox does not have a built-in option for encrypting your entire mailbox. And while you can use PGP with Runbox, it is not yet built into the platform. Another drawback is that Runbox does not offer a built-in calendar, but this feature may be included in Version 7 (when released).
Runbox offers 30 day free trials and makes importing your existing emails simple with the guides on their site.
+ Pros
- IP addresses stripped from messages
- Includes Webmail, Contacts, and Files
- Servers run on renewable energy
- Supports SMTP, POP, and IMAP protocols
- Synchronizes with other email clients
- GDPR compliant
- Norway has strong data protection laws
- 100 email aliases per mailbox
- Custom domain names on some paid accounts
- Numerous payment methods accepted (including cash and cryptocurrencies)
– Cons
- Browser-based; no desktop or mobile apps
- Not open source
- Data not encrypted within the Runbox system or at rest
- No business-specific features
Website: https://Runbox.com
Check out our Runbox review here.
7. CounterMail – Private and secure Swedish email service
Based in | Sweden |
Storage | 4 GB+ |
Price | $4.83/mo. |
Free Tier | 7 day free trial |
Website | CounterMail.com |
Next up on our list is CounterMail, a secure email provider based in Sweden. CounterMail has been operating for over 10 years with a philosophy to “offer the most secure online email service on the Internet, with excellent free support.” CounterMail uses OpenPGP encryption with 4,096-bit encryption keys. CounterMail also protects users from identity leaks and Man-In-The-Middle attacks with RSA and AES-CBC encryption on top of SSL.
They also keep no logs and store your mail on diskless servers to protect user privacy. Countermail anonymizes email headers and also strips the sender’s IP address. All emails and attachments are stored encrypted at rest using OpenPGP on servers in Sweden.
While CounterMail is a bit more expensive than some other secure email providers, they explain this price difference comes from using only high-quality servers and implementing strong security measures. It may not have all the frills, but CounterMail is a serious security-focused email provider with a 10+ year track record.
+ Pros
- Supports cryptocurrency payments
- Secure, built-in password manager
- All emails and attachments stored encrypted on no-logs, secure servers in Sweden
- Custom domain support
- Message filter and autoresponder features
- Uses RSA, AES-CBC, and SSL encryption to protect against leaks and MITM attacks
– Cons
- Design and UI feels outdated
- More expensive than other secure email options
https://CounterMail.com
8. Kolab Now – Fully-featured Swiss email
Based in | Switzerland |
Storage | 2 GB+ |
Price | $5.47/mo. |
Free Tier | 30 day trial |
Website | KolabNow.com |
Based in Switzerland, Kolab Now is a private email service offering lots of features and full email suite functionality. A Kolab Now subscription includes email, contacts, calendar, scheduling, collaboration/sharing tools, and cloud file storage. Right now they are running a public beta of their voice and videoconferencing system. All of the features and options make Kolab Now an excellent choice for business users, teams, and privacy-focused individuals.
While Kolab now does offer numerous features and support for all major operating systems and devices, it also does not offer as much encryption for those who want the highest levels of security. End-to-end encryption for emails is not built-in and emails are not stored encrypted at rest.
The price is also on the higher end, especially if you want access to all features and more storage. However, for those wanting a feature-rich email suite hosted in Switzerland, Kolab Now may be a good fit.
+ Pros
- Accepts cryptocurrency payments
- Full support for POP, SMTP, and IMAP
- Switzerland jurisdiction with strong privacy protection
- Full email suite with numerous features to replace Gmail, Office365, etc.
- Support for custom domains, teams, and business users
- End-to-end (E2E) encryption is available, but not built in
– Cons
- Email not encrypted at rest (but stored in high-security Swiss data center)
- Expensive
Website: https://KolabNow.com
9. StartMail – Private email hosted in The Netherlands
Based in | The Netherlands |
Storage | 10-20 GB |
Price | $5.00/mo. |
Free Tier | 7 day trial |
Website | StartMail.com |
StartMail is a secure email service brought to you by the team behind Startpage, a private search engine based in the Netherlands. While there was surprising news about System1 investing in Startpage, StartMail is its own unique entity under StartMail B.V. – a company operating under Dutch law in The Netherlands.
The Netherlands is a good jurisdiction for privacy and StartMail aims to keep as little data as possible to run their operations (see privacy policy). Unlike most secure email providers, StartMail handles encryption server-side, rather than in the browser – see their white paper explaining why.
StartMail allows users to utilize PGP encryption with emails also being encrypted at rest on their Dutch servers. One cool feature with StartMail is they give you the ability to create temporary, disposable email addresses “on the fly” to use with different services. IMAP and SMTP are also supported if you want to use StartMail with third-party apps such as Thunderbird.
+ Pros
- Can create temporary, disposable email addresses
- Accepts cryptocurrency payment
- IMAP and SMTP support; can use custom domains
- Headers and IP address stripped from all emails
- Accounts come with 10 GB file storage
– Cons
- No custom mobile apps
- Not open source
- Higher prices
Website: https://www.StartMail.com
10. Soverin – Basic private email in Netherlands
Based in | The Netherlands |
Storage | 25 GB |
Price | €3.25/mo. |
Free Tier | No |
Website | Soverin.net |
Soverin provides a basic and private email service at a reasonable price. Plans come with 25 GB of storage and custom domains are supported. All data is stored on servers in Germany. Soverin strips IP addresses from headers while also using strong encryption standards, although email is not stored encrypted at rest by default.
For those wanting a basic private email with lots of storage that is protected by European privacy laws, Soverin may be a good choice. It can also be used with third-party email clients and importing old emails is relatively simple.
+ Pros
- 25 GB of data storage for all plans
- Data protected under Dutch privacy laws and GDPR
- Can be used with third-party email clients
– Cons
- No custom mobile apps
- Not open source
- No built-in encryption options
Website: https://Soverin.net
11. Thexyz – A fully-featured private email service in Canada
Based in | Canada |
Storage | 25-100 GB |
Price | $2.95/mo. |
Free Tier | No |
Website | www.Thexyz.com |
Another privacy-focused email service worth noting is Thexyz. It is a secure email and web hosting business based in Canada that offers solutions for businesses and private users. The email arm of Thexyz has been operating since 2009, as explained on the about page. While Canada may not be the best jurisdiction for privacy (Five Eyes), this may not be too concerning depending on your needs and threat model.
Thexyz does offer some great privacy and security features. Accounts come with encrypted cloud storage as well as contacts, calendar, and team collaboration tools. All emails are stored encrypted at rest using AES 256-bit encryption, with double geo-location redundancy. With a basic account, you get unlimited aliases and 25 GB of storage (upgradable to 100 GB). Even with all the perks and features, Thexyz is still very affordable at $2.49/mo with the premium webmail plan.
+ Pros
- Great applications and user interface
- Email encrypted at rest with 256-bit AES
- Subscriptions include calendar, contacts, chat, and encrypted cloud storage
- Unlimited aliases; emails can include up to 50 MB attachments
- Support for custom domains
- Autoresponder, spam filters, and incoming email filtering
- Apps for iOS and Android
- Accounts come with 25 GB of email storage (upgradable to 100 GB)
– Cons
- Based in Canada (not the best privacy jurisdiction)
- Support for end-to-end email encryption is not built-in
Website: https://www.thexyz.com
Worth mentioning
Aside from the secure email services we discussed above, we are also keeping our eye out for new services emerging into this niche.
CyberFear Anonymous Email
CyberFear is an anonymous e-mail service in Poland that has caught our attention. It does not serve ads or log IP addresses, while also offering full encryption on par with our other recommendations. Here is an overview of CyberFear:
- End-to-end encryption of emails and metadata
- At rest, all of the following email elements are encrypted: email body, subject line, attachments, sender address, recipient address
- Anonymous registration with only username and password
- No IP logs
- Offshore servers (Poland)
- Cryptocurrency payments supported
- TOR support (Onion address is cyberfear4hlcsac.onion)
- Disposable aliases
- Custom domains supported
- No external scripts nor captchas
- PGP support
- Sending encrypted emails outside (will require password to decrypt)
- Option to host CyberFear frontend on your own computer
- Push notifications
- Open source frontend (and backend coming soon)
So far, CyberFear is looking good. You can learn more on their website here.
Email jurisdiction and data privacy
Where your email service is located (jurisdiction) can seriously impact the security of your data. Depending on your threat model, this could be a major consideration. For an overview of jurisdiction and privacy, you may want to read our article on the Five/9/14 Eyes surveillance alliances.
Here are some reasons to pay attention to jurisdiction.
United States (leading member of the Five Eyes)
Tech companies in the US can be forced to give government agencies direct access to their servers for “extensive, in-depth surveillance on live communications and stored information” – as explained in the PRISM surveillance program. Data requests can also be accompanied by gag orders, which forbids the company from disclosing what’s going on (see also National Security Letters).
There are a few known cases of US email providers being forced to give up data. In one prominent example, Lavabit decided to shut down the business rather than give up user data. Another US email provider, Riseup, was also forced to give up data to authorities.
After exhausting our legal options, Riseup recently chose to comply with two sealed warrants from the FBI, rather than facing contempt of court (which would have resulted in jail time for Riseup birds and/or termination of the Riseup organization).
There was a “gag order” that prevented us from disclosing even the existence of these warrants until now. This was also the reason why we could not update our “Canary” [warrant canary that warns users about these events].
Germany (member of the 14 Eyes)
While Germany has long been a rock-solid jurisdiction for privacy-focused tech companies, I’ve noticed some troubling trends recently:
- In January 2019, a German court ruled that Posteo must log IP addresses if required by a valid court order. Posteo explained they would not change their system to log all users’ IP addresses, but would comply for specific users, if ordered by a German court.
- In November 2019, a German court ruling forced Tutanota to provide real-time access to unencrypted emails for specific users targeted by a court order. As Tutanota explained, only unencrypted messages sent after the court order was received would be affected.
Europe in General
Once again politicians in Europe are trying to find an excuse to limit or ban the use of encryption by their people. This time around, the argument is that encryption must be banned to fight child abuse. Once again it is up to tech companies including Tutanota and Mailfence to protect the privacy rights of the populace. In April, a group of companies sent an open letter to the European Parliament arguing against the mass surveillance that the elimination of encryption would be meant to enable.
How this will turn out is unclear, but the possibility of the EU banning encryption casts doubts on the viability of any secure email service based in the EU.
We’ll let you know what happens with this.
All email providers must comply with the law
While these examples may seem alarming, the truth is that all email providers must comply with legal requirements in the country they are operating in. For example, ProtonMail, a Switzerland email provider, has also been forced to log IP addresses and disable accounts by valid court orders, as they disclose in their transparency report.
(Note: If you are concerned about your email service logging your IP address, then simply use a good VPN service.)
Considering everything, some jurisdictions are much better than others, so choose wisely. As a general rule, I’d still avoid email services in the US, and perhaps other Five Eyes jurisdictions.
Want secure email? Pay for it.
The unlimited “free” email business model is fundamentally flawed. It offers a free service, which is used to collect data and thereby monetize the user and make money on ads. With these privacy-abusing “free” services, you are actually paying for the product with your data.
In contrast, here we recommend privacy-friendly, secure, ad-free email services. While some of these private email services offer limited free subscriptions, you will need to upgrade to a paid plan for more storage and premium features (the freemium business model).
Support good privacy businesses
Fortunately, you can “vote with your dollars” by supporting these privacy-respecting businesses and upgrade to paid accounts. This will help secure email providers to grow, improve, and serve more people with an ethical business model that does not rely on exploiting their users’ data.
Secure email shortcomings and PGP flaws
Most secure email solutions mentioned in this guide utilize PGP for end-to-end encrypted email. PGP, which stands for Pretty Good Privacy and was invented back in 1991 by Phil Zimmermann.
PGP flaws – While PGP is considered a trustworthy, secure encryption method, there have been some flaws in implementing PGP that have made headlines recently – see also the EFAIL vulnerabilities.
While the news did attract lots of attention, the “flaws” were mainly limited to the incorrect implementation of PGP by third parties. To my knowledge, this did not affect the secure email providers mentioned in this guide.
Limited Use – Another fundamental problem with adopting secure email is that few people are willing to go through the hassle of PGP key management, encryption, decryption, etc. There are some solutions, to this, however, and by some measures encrypted email usage continues to grow.
Many providers address this issue by making encryption automatic and seamless. Tutanota, for example, uses built-in AES encryption that automatically encrypts emails between Tutanota users, including headers, subject line, body, and attachments. They also provide a secure, two-way communication contact form called Secure Connect.
Vulnerabilities – Even when using a secure browser, there are still vulnerabilities to consider with browser-based email clients. Phil Zimmermann gave an interview highlighting some of these shortcomings:
“The browser is not a terribly safe place to run code. Browsers have a large attack surface,” he said. Wherever encryption and decryption take place, though, it’s a vast improvement on no encryption. But even encrypting messages may not be enough, depending on the threat model. The very nature of email makes it vulnerable.
“Email has an enormous attack surface,” Zimmermann said. “You’ve not only got cryptographic issues but you’ve got things like spam and phishing and loading images from a server somewhere that might have things embedded inside.”
On a positive note, however, there are many options for securing and hardening your browser – see the secure browser and Firefox privacy guides. Furthermore, most secure email providers offer protection against these attack vectors by blocking email images by default while also utilizing virus filters.
Keep in mind, however, that non-browser email clients can also be problematic – potentially revealing unique information about your operating system (user agent) as well as your IP address and location.
Regardless of these limitations, using a secure email provider will help keep large tech companies from harvesting your email data for third parties.
Secure email vs secure messaging apps
Depending on your threat model, you may also want to consider using secure messaging apps, which do not have all of the vulnerabilities discussed above with email.
We have tested many different encrypted and secure messaging apps and compiled a list of our favorites. Here are a few reviews of some of the best options we’ve tested:
Encrypted messaging apps generally offer a higher level of security over email, plus they are much easier to use than PGP email encryption.
Finally, encrypted messaging apps are also convenient for back-and-forth conversations, document sharing, and collaboration with others. For more information, check out our roundup guide on the best secure messaging apps.
Always use a good VPN with email
One fundamental problem with email is that it can expose your IP address and location to third parties, by design.
While some secure email services strip IP addresses and conceal metadata, many others do not. And as we saw with the ProtonMail logging case, email services may be forced to log user IP addresses by valid court orders, without disclosing any information to the user. We’ve seen this with email providers in the US, Germany, and even Switzerland.
Finally, there’s also the fact that many email services keep logs for security, which may include user IP addresses, connection times, and other metadata. Of course, whenever you have logs, this data could end up with third parties (for various reasons).
To effectively conceal your IP address and location, you will need to use a good VPN (Virtual Private Network) service.
A VPN creates a secure tunnel between your device and a VPN server, encrypting your traffic and concealing your real IP address and location. The VPN will encrypt and anonymize your internet traffic, while you carry on with business as usual. Some of the larger providers, such as NordVPN and Surfshark, offer apps for all major operating systems and devices, along with large server networks around the world.
Due to the security and privacy benefits a VPN offers, it’s a smart idea to use one whenever you’re online. Internet providers in many countries are recording user browsing history by logging DNS requests. Depending on local laws, this information could then be sold to advertisers or handed to government agencies in countries with mandatory data retention laws. With a VPN, your DNS requests are encrypted and handled by the VPN server and unreadable to your ISP or other parties.
For more info, see these best VPN services.
Conclusion on secure and private email services in 2022
Whatever your situation is, using a secure and private email provider is a smart step to protect your data. Gmail, Yahoo, Microsoft, and the other big email players do not place the highest priority on your privacy. Paying for a good email service that values privacy ensures you aren’t paying with your personal data.
Once you switch to one of these email services you will be much more secure. Then all you need to do is avoid non-technical attacks, like the typical email scams that never seem to go away.
See the main privacy tools guide for other privacy and security essentials.
We also have a guide on encrypting email.
And if you want more info on these secure email providers, you could check out the reviews below:
- ProtonMail Review
- Tutanota Review
- Mailfence Review
- Mailbox.org Review
- Hushmail Review
- Posteo Review
- Fastmail Review
- Runbox Review
Have you used one of these secure email providers? Feel free to leave your feedback/review of the service below.
This secure email guide was last updated on May 10, 2022.
A word of caution, CyberFear Anonymous Email is flagged by Norton Safe Web as a known dangerous webpage;
https://safeweb.norton.com/report/show?product=ask.com&action=info&source=&version=&ulang=eng&url=cyberfear.com
Threat Report
This is a known dangerous webpage. It is highly recommended that you do NOT visit this page.
Also, FairEmail, the privacy-oriented email app for Android, was recently flagged by Google as spyware;
https://email.faircode.eu/
Hi Sven
Can you tell us about some open source e-mail clients like Fair email, PEP, etc. ?
Is these worthy to use ?
Please let us know.
Regards
A previous poster mentioned his @swisscows.email as being rejected as not being a valid email for a financial account – is this a regular problem for these “secure but obscure” email account names?
While the services themselves are/may be wonderful and welcome by users, one definitely notices the names are truly awful pretty much across the board. Mailfence / Mailbox / Countermail / Protonmail and Startmail all sound like disposable email services like Guerillamail or Tempmail so I can see businesses routinely rejecting them out of hand as not valid (not fair granted, but easy to see why).
Runonce kind of sounds like an infection waiting to happen, while Tutanota, Kolabnow, Thexyz and the rest are just so visually and phonetically unappealing to have as ones personal, and worse yet, as business identifying email domain – I couldn’t sign up to use one even if they were FREE services. Eek lol.
I know that sounds mean right? But seriously, if any of my contacts happened to switch over without sending me a heads up that their new email address was @one-of-those-domain-names they’d all have been marked and pitched to spam/junk without even opening them…
I really want to switch off our isp named email because what if we dump the isp right? and our yahoo/gmail accts. for the obvious reasons that led me to this article, but yikes. yuck. lol 🙂
No offense to the Companies, or their service(s), they all have swell packages/offerings it looks like, but if I’m going to be identified with it for the next 10 years or more (22+yrs on our current ones) it can’t have the same charm and appeal as a fart in jar 😀
More cause of the dot email ( .email ) being the swisscows domain they used, not for any reasons you brought up. Your personal business accounts (banking, utilities, etc.) to live life in 2022 prefer a top level domain such as ,com and haven’t adapted to the newer pool of domains released to leverage a uniqueness in the domain name market of a business.
Some of the services you judge by their names but don’t see any potential to adapt it to yourself.
I do get your point I wouldn’t want rottonapples@dotbuggar nor anything unpleasant to associate with. But you have two choices one mostly free or one steps of cost to be pleasant sounding.
1) use something like the private and encrypted swisscows.email which has a free tier.
2) use one of seven’s list which has a paid tier and tote your own domain over which you paid for a set term period before you have to renew it. YOU GET THE FEATURES OF THAT EMAIL SERVICE with your preferred email address and the domain you want to use.
With e-commerce as business today it not a name@address of your email used that hurts it being accepted it’s the domain the address is tied too that’s rejected. Remember I’m using for personal use as I’m not a business not associated to one.
Will this raise any questions as I don’t hear real answers?
Hello Everyone,
My name is Paul, and I am the owner of CTemplar.
Some of you have asked why we’re shutting down. There are several reasons, but I will suggest one of them to you. When we created this service, we made a promise to ourselves that we would shut down the email service if we couldn’t guarantee our security claims to our users. That day has come, and we would rather shut this service down than make security changes that would have been harmful to you.
We will continue issuing refunds until May 26th. However, please be patient with us because I have had to lay off most of the team due to lack of funds and our support team response time is reduced. Some of you have asked about an option to make donations to the employees who lost their jobs. If your interested in this, you can send btc to this address: ‘deleted’. Or with a credit card by clicking this. However, please feel no pressure to do this.
I don’t know most of you, but I have always viewed you as if you were members of my own family, and I will miss you. Some of you have asked me for my recommendation of an email service you can use instead of CTemplar. I personally know the owners at Mailfence and I like & trust their service. However, Protonmail & Tutanota are also good services. I suggest you review the services available and make the best choice based on your needs. Ultimately, the most important thing is that your privacy and security is protected, so I don’t recommend switching back to an email service that doesn’t care about your privacy & security.
Kind Regards,
Paul M
Big QUESTION
Given, that we would shut down the email service if we couldn’t guarantee our security claims to our users.
Followed by, we would rather shut this service down than make security changes that would have been harmful to you.
What say Mailfence, Protonmail & Tutanota with the likes of many others mentioned here.
Are 100% free of not being harmful to you of their offered security. Ctemplar boasted 4-wall protections.
We feel CTemplar is the most secure email service because it has the strongest features. Here are the “4 Walls” we do best.
Wall 1: Encryption Protection:
We support encrypted Content, Contacts and Subjects
We are the only secure email service that is working on encrypting your metadata (Work in progress).
Wall 2: The Only “Zero Access” End-to-End Encryption:
“End-to-End Encryption” using javascript has flaws. The CTemplar team was the first to solve the flaws making our End-to-End encryption the very first “Zero Access” email platform.
Wall 3: Strongest Legal Protection: Iceland has no data retention laws that apply to webmail. When you press “delete” it’s instantly deleted.
Iceland legally allows us to offer total anonymity.
Iceland is outside the “14 Eyes” and has no US MLAT Treaties.
We require an Icelandic court order to turn over your data. If we turn over your data, it will only be encrypted information.
Wall 4: Company: We formed the company in Seychelles because it gives the maximum protection for company records in the world.
We do not record or list any of our user’s data for corporate reasons, and our Seychelles corporation legally allows this.
We are owned by those that built the site. No global corporations. No secret government sponsors.
Scrapped for cash or one of the 4 walls has become a breach point. Accounts at Ctemplar had lost data in part or all that accounts data.
I use several email accounts for various purposes. My question is about the privacy of email clients. My favourite would be Spark, but I have no idea what information they pull from emails. I have more confidence in Apple Mail, and perhaps, Outlook.
Any thoughts on the security of email clients or apps that can use multiple email accounts?
Been awhile since I looked, but there are some third party email clients that offer encryption.
TheBat! protects your information through multiple encryption streams, with the option to keep all information encrypted on your disk, and to protect emails during communication using end-to-end encryption (E2EE).
eM Client Boasts encryption
Thunderbird has options of Privacy and security plugins which may allow encryption
If encryption is under usability in your placement of need see
[[https://www.techradar.com/sg/best/best-email-clients]]
I have been using Duck Duck Go as my default browser. Is this a very good/secure one in your opinion? Thanks!
Both…..Duckduckgo and Startpage use only Google search engine, so they both are limited to ONLY what Google allows you to see!
Metager.org based in Germany, is a whole lot better at doing more advanced, and more detailed searches!
And is not backed in the USA, which is again, another positive!
Dear DrJon
Metager.org & By using MetaGer you retain full control over your data.
Our anonymizing proxy keeps you protected even when you continue surfing.
Our algorithms are transparent and available for everyone to read. Our source code is free.
What are your thoughts here seeing this?
Mine are the Ad Networks are big and leach your information whichever way that works in their advantage.
Metager PP says the following,
In addition to donations and membership fees, we must finance our operation through non-personalized advertising on the results page. To receive this advertising, we give the first two blocks of the IP in connection with parts of the so-called user agent to our advertising partners
Not knowing enough I see possible Con’s like this.
Lets say Metager is honestly trying to deliver on their printed knowledge that’s seen.
Being the search feature algorithms are transparent and readable for all, their source code free and the Guaranteed Privacy claim.
Aspects of the anonymizing proxy are great as could be breached or circumvented, then what
protection or guartees has one?
When tad bits of knowledge are mined they’re recorded and referenced later, then later more tad bits build a fuller image of you.
PP again says, we store the full IP address and a timestamp for a maximum of 96 hours. If a noticeable number of searches are performed by an IP, this IP is temporarily stored in a revocation list (maximum 96 hours after the last search). Then the IP is deleted.
Last thought, the web, cloud is a network of ground servers pushing data to one another, bound by the country laws it relates to as home.
Anonymizing and algorithms are far from the strength of an encrytpion key you hold in your data of your use & searches.
Where this stops short may make it easy for others to pick up and connect all the dots to everyone’s searches.
email not search engines is this pages topic.
search for DDG user complaints and founders background to answer yourself
Lavabit.com is up , you can sign up for emails and all now, lavabit has encrypted procy (no logs) so they claimed. Pls read the privacy policy carefully with a vpn before use.
Thanks
Yes, but they chose to remain in the United States, which was the problem back in 2013.
Yes, well, even protonmail got rogue in a way, which is in switzerland, lavabit atleast shutdown before, instead of handling logs ( if that was the case) , yeah ,not saying “murica” is good , but atleast they didnt hand away. Well too point for thei honestly instead of proton mail.
So to with any other email service of another country is bound by that countries criminal laws. just the same as the criminal laws here are enforced in the good ole USA. *****
Don’t see a connection point of your reply as encryption is and was being used on Lavabit and his prior offering.
The US has great personal privacy laws, it’s all the crime, terrorism, laundering which gives access to the authorities when your the focus point. Encryption is only as good as a lock, many locks can be opened, bypassed, broken. There is no safe place for any personal data as data is mined in movements and at rest. Encryption just makes it harder to access it but not impossible. Think air as the medium for the most secure personal data shared being in person alone with each other.
I’m another that is not tech savvy & have Ctemplar for now. I just signed-up with Panz Mail, which is
rather basic & nowhere to delete account. Anyone familiar with Panz Mail?
Swisscows now have an email service which also includes a free tier.
https://swisscows.email
I’m sure readers of this review would like your views about swisscows.email if you decide to update this page.
The reason I choose protonmail is that they claim your email account will never expire even if not used for a long period of time. Tutanota also made that claim when they were fairly new but have since ceased that feature. The reason I like “never expire” email accounts is that I can use them as recovery email accounts for other email services that include that option.
Thanks.
You’ll find out maybe as I did here that [____@swisscows.email] for a financial account of mine was rejected as not being a valid email address. Bummer otherwise their tech is working to cure the issue this presents for my main email’s use. Wondering about rejections of my gov and vet accounts I have.
_ _ _ _ = my user title
Great post, wonderful reserarch.
I have a question regarding browser “opened” email vs client based: What is the real danger of using a browser (besides the info shared with goog/microsft…)? password can be leaked alongside the cookies? The content also if not encrypted?
What about using a browser that forgets cookies once is closed? (And only using if for the mail, which pass is remembered by the password manager/brain). Is this setup better than a “everyday forever glued into windows” email client like thunderbird? Or not?
Clients also “force” you to have a VPN if want a all around security due to ip leak?
I value security over privacy, if there were a clear line between those.
And i have this idea: If worried about losing control over an email account, may consider using on your daily basis an User email account instead of an Admin email account (proton and tuta offer this feature with their own domain) so you can always reset user pass from admin account if ship happens.
Is this correct?
Thank you a lot
…as Scientist/E-Engineer and Pro-grammer(14 languages) , Analytics and Biz person, having secure email and certain pertinent features is mucho important to me. This article ( along with the dozens of other articles , websites, University and Industry Techies I’ve conferred with}, has given me excellent information and refined criteria to help base my decisions upon. For a myriad of reasons, I chose CTemplar( over a year ago).
I recently received noticed that they CTemplar is closing down end of May 2022. Ugh!…. anyway Ive started my arduos search again for another excellent email provider. SecureMyEmail, Pre Veil, CyberFear and Runbox seem promising to me.
Thank you for this great article.
I’m definitely getting a really good VPN to use along with my secured email provider.